From Erlang Community

Revision as of 22:43, 3 September 2006

Problem

You want to find elements that are in one list but not another.

Solution

You want to find elements in list A that aren't in list B. Erlang provides several ways of doing this:

Use the lists:subtract Function

The lists module provides the subtract function, which takes two list and returns a new copy of the first list, such that the first occurrence of each element of the second list is removed. For example:

1> A = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16].
[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]
2> B = [2,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16].
[2,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16].
3> lists:subtract(A,B).
[1,3,5,7,11,13]

Note: Erlang provides native list operators for concatentation (++) and subtraction (--). The subtraction operator provides the same functionality as the lists:subtract function:

4> A -- B.
[1,3,5,7,11,13]

Iterate over the two lists

You can iterate over the two lists (using the lists:foreach function), and filter out any entries from list A that are also members of list B.

5> lists:foldl(fun(X,ACC) -> Y=lists:member(X, B),
5>    if Y -> [X|ACC];
5>    true -> ACC
5> end end, [], lists:reverse(A)).
[2,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16]